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Question:
My son has asked me to help him find out
why animals drawn on the walls of tombs were drawn with their tongues
sticking out. Do you know the answer to this question? We appreciate your
help.
Answer:
Animals were drawn on walls of tombs in
the belief that they would come to life my magic in the next world and
supply the deceased with the riches and comforts of life that he enjoyed
when he was alive. To the Egyptians death simply transformed them into
another level of existence where, depending who they were in life, would
continue to be supplied with the food, drinks, cattle, workers, etc which
they had in their former existence.
I found one example of a cow with
her tongue hanging out. This was because she was giving birth in the
fields where she was being worked by the field workers and the overseer.
This is in the 6th Dynasty tomb of Ti at Saqqara (pronounced Sakkara)
- a beautiful tomb to see if you are willing to trudge a couple of
km over scalding hot sand in the Egyptian noon day sun - which is
about the time you get there after seeing the Step Pyramid etc.
Another example I found was in the
weighing of the heart scene at the judgement before Osiris. The deceased
is lead before Osiris for judgement. His heart is weighed against
the feather of Maat (the goddess of truth who is often represented
by this feather - the hieroglyph for her name is as ostrich plume).
The heart was thought to be the centre of thought, memory and personality.
So to judge whether the deceased had been a good, truthful person,
the deceased's heart was weighed against the feather of Maat. If it
was as light as the feather the deceased was judged to be eligible
to go to the next world and was assigned a portion of the domain of
Osiris. If the heart was heavy with sin it would be heavier than a
feather and the deceased would be fed to Ammit - the devourer. This
is the animal shown in some of the weighing of the heart murals as
sitting or crouching beside the scales with his tongue hanging out
awaiting in anticipation for the chance to devour the miscreant deceased.
Amit had the head of a crocodile, the front of a lion and the hind
quarters of a hippopotamus - all killers.
Animals whom the Egyptians deemed to
be sacred and the animals forms of gods and goddesses do not seem to be
depicted with their tongues hanging out. Nor do animals working normally
in the fields. The pictures of the horses in the Ramesses II chariot scenes
do have their mouths open as the bit is held taut by the reigns tied around
his waist. I haven't seen every tomb mural depicting animals in various
actions, so I can't say these are the only instances of animals with their
tongues hanging out. So if you care to email me a specific image which
does not fit the answers I have given you, I will be glad to check it
out for you. For the present I would say "look at the whole picture -
is there action where the tongue would normally be hanging out in everyday
life?" These tomb murals were meant to come to life for the use or benefit
of the deceased, so they would normally be everyday actions. The scenes
from the Book of the Dead are different. They are the series of tests
the deceased has to contend with to get to what we would call heaven.
So they can be filled with danger like Ammit - The Devourer salivating
at the thought of a tasty bad guy who couldn't be justified as a truthful,
fair good person.
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